64% of upstream emissions come from outside Tier 1 suppliers – greater visibility is essential.

64% of upstream emissions come from outside Tier 1 suppliers – greater visibility is essential for enterprises with aggressive net zero goals.

Understanding environmental impact beyond your immediate – Tier 1 – suppliers requires under

standing what is called Scope 3 emissions. These emissions are a critical component of a company's or industry's overall carbon footprint, have significant environmental and sustainability implications, and typically fall into several categories:

1. Upstream Activities: This includes, among others, emissions from agricultural practices such as land use change, deforestation, and the use of fertilizers and pesticides.

2. Processing and Transportation: This encompasses everything from energy consumption at food processing plants to vehicle emissions, including trucks, ships, and airplanes.

3. Retail and Distribution: Retail operations, including energy consumption in stores and refrigeration.

4. Consumption and Waste: The emissions generated during food consumption and food waste disposal, including both pre-consumer and post-consumer waste.